Outpost No. 1 of the Kuibyshev Region’s corrective-labour camps was set up in 1939 near the Gavrilova Polyana settlement. It existed until 1954 and twice changed its subordination to other camp systems. By status it was intended for the disabled: prisoners with respiratory diseases and category 2 invalids were transferred there. According to Samara historian V. Yerofeyev the prisoners at the outpost worked at a sawmill and made boots of leather and felt. On 1 January 1950 the outpost had 2,487 inmates. Those who died were buried between the Podgory and Gavrilova Polyana settlements not far from the camp. At present grave mounds have survived and there is subsidence over the burials. In summer 1990 members of the Kuibyshev (now Samara) Memorial Society erected a commemorative cross with a name plate over the burials.
On 10 July 2011 participants in the “Belukha” gathering at the burial site raised and consecrated a memorial in the guise of a brick wall. The inscription on the plaque reads: “Traveller, bow your head before a place where an enormous number of innocents slain at Gavrilova Polyana in 1939-1954 lie buried… Remember this location: Samarskaya Luka, the Belukha burial, Borisov Stone. It must never happen again”. The organisers of the event were: the informal local study group at the metal foundry of the Volga automobile works in Togliatti led by Galina Taranova; the Parkway organisation in aid of Russia’s national parks; the Volzhsky district museum of history and local studies (director Yelena Chertova); the EcoLuka hiking club (Samara); and the Samara regional branch of the Molodaya gvardiya organisation. In 2012 a stylised barred window in wrought iron made at the Volzhsky district museum was added to the memorial.
On 2 June 2015 yet another memorial was added to the cemetery of the prisoners of Neftestroilag. It was dedicated to 18 generals and high-ranking figures from the defence industry who were shot near the Barbish settlement by the NKVD on 28 October 1941 without investigation or trial. Among them were nine generals including four Heroes of the Soviet Union, one of whom had twice been decorated with the award. Permission to place the monument in the cemetery had been obtained earlier A.V. Balandin, from the head of the Volzhsky municipal district administration. The Obelisk memorial enterprise laid the foundations and erected the monument.
From 1997 to 2005, twenty-three volumes of The White Book of Victims of Political Repression (Samara Region) were published. They contain biographical details about more than 25,000 individuals who were convicted of “political” crimes, and imprisoned or executed.
Date | Nature of ceremonies | Organiser or responsible person | Participants | Frequency |
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Early June
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Commemorative meeting (and tidying of memorial area)
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Inhabitants of the Volzhsky district
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Inhabitants of the Volzhsky district
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Annual event
|
first weekend in July
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Religious procession
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“Path to Truth” foundation
|
Orthodox youth //; Inhabitants of Zhigulyovsk, Togliatti, Kazan, and Bolgar
|
Annual event since 2012
|
State of burials | Area | Boundaries |
---|---|---|
Characteristic areas of subsidence over the burials, individual grave mounds
|
not determined
|
not delineated
|
[ original texts and hyperlinks ]
The system of corrective-labour camps in the USSR, a handbook, compiler M.B. Smirnov, Moscow, 1998; see website version of the handbook [retrieved, 28 May 2022]
“The victims of political repression have been publicly remembered”, site of the Samara Region Public Chamber [retrieved, 28 May 2022]
“The Belukha demonstration”, a documentary film, director B. Kislitsin, 2011 [retrieved, 28 May 2022]
V. Yerofeyev, “The truth about the Gulag in Samara”, Volzhskaya kommuna, 16 June 2012 № 207 (28135)
“First story: prisoners from Gavrilov Polyana ‘enjoyed a rest’ at Stalin’s dacha, 1720-1993”, Forgotten Stories of the Past [retrieved, 28 May 2022]
Communication from Ye.V. Omshina, archive of RIC Memorial (St. Petersburg)
“A memorial has been erected to the executed generals”, website of socially oriented non-commercial organisations and executive bodies in the Samara Region (2015)
*
“Cemetery of Neftestroilag prisoners at outpost No. 1”, Virtual Museum of the Gulag [retrieved, 28 May 2022]
Reply by the Volzhsky municipal district administration (№ 01-30-938 of 23 April 2014) to a formal enquiry by RIC Memorial (St Petersburg)